NAICS

See industry description for 238310.

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in drywall, plaster work, and building insulation work. Plaster work includes applying plain or ornamental plaster, and installation of lath to receive plaster. The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs. Establishments primarily engaged in providing firestop services are included in this industry. Illustrative Examples: Acoustical ceiling tile and panel installation Lathing contractors Drop ceiling installation Plastering (i.e., ornamental, plain) contractors Drywall contractors Soundproofing contractors Firestop contractors Fresco (i.e., decorative plaster finishing) contractors Taping and finishing drywall Gypsum board installation Wall cavity and attic space insulation installation Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in--

See industry description for 238320.

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in interior or exterior painting or interior wall covering. The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs. Illustrative Examples: Bridge painting Paperhanging or removal contractors House painting Ship painting contractors Paint and wallpaper stripping Wallpaper hanging and removal contractors Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in--

See industry description for 238330.

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the installation of resilient floor tile, carpeting, linoleum, and hardwood flooring. The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs. Illustrative Examples: Carpet, installation only Resilient floor tile or sheet (e.g., linoleum, rubber, vinyl), installation only Vinyl flooring contractors Resurfacing hardwood flooring Hardwood flooring, installation only Floor laying, scraping, finishing, and refinishing Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in--

See industry description for 238340.

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in setting and installing ceramic tile, stone (interior only), and mosaic and/or mixing marble particles and cement to make terrazzo at the job site. The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs. Illustrative Examples: Ceramic tile installation Mosaic work Mantel, marble or stone, installation Tile (except resilient) laying and setting Stone flooring installation Marble, granite, and slate, interior installation contractors Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in--

See industry description for 238350.

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in finish carpentry work. The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs. Illustrative Examples: Built-in wood cabinets constructed on site Molding or trim, wood or plastic, installation Countertop, residential-type, installation Paneling installation Door and window frame construction Prefabricated kitchen and bath cabinet, residential-type, installation Garage door, residential-type, installation Ship joinery contractors Millwork installation Window and door, residential-type, of any material, prefabricated, installation Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in--

See industry description for 238390.

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in building finishing trade work (except drywall, plaster, and insulation work; painting and wall covering work; flooring work; tile and terrazzo work; and finish carpentry work). The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs. Illustrative Examples: Bathtub refinishing, on-site Fabricating metal cabinets or countertops on site Closet organizer system installation Modular furniture system attachment and installation Concrete coating, glazing, or sealing Trade show exhibit installation and dismantling Countertop and cabinet, metal (except residential-type), installation Waterproofing contractors Drapery fixture (e.g., hardware, rods, tracks) installation Window shade and blind installation Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in--

This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in site preparation activities and in specialized trades (except foundation, structure, and building exterior contractors; building equipment contractors; and building finishing contractors). The specialty trade work performed includes new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs.

See industry description for 238910.

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in site preparation activities, such as excavating and grading, demolition of buildings and other structures, and septic system installation. Earthmoving and land clearing for all types of sites (e.g., building, nonbuilding, mining) is included in this industry. Establishments primarily engaged in construction equipment rental with operator (except cranes) are also included. Illustrative Examples: Blasting, building demolition Foundation digging (i.e., excavation) Concrete breaking and cutting for demolition Foundation drilling contractors Cutting new rights of way Grading construction sites Demolition, building and structure Line slashing or cutting (except maintenance) Dewatering contractors Septic system contractors Dirt moving for construction Trenching (except underwater) Equipment rental (except crane), construction, with operator Underground tank (except hazardous) removal Excavating, earthmoving, or land clearing contractors Wrecking, building or other structure Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in--

See industry description for 238990.

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in specialized trades (except foundation, structure, and building exterior contractors; building equipment contractors; building finishing contractors; and site preparation contractors). The specialty trade work performed includes new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs. Illustrative Examples: Billboard erection Outdoor swimming pool construction Cleaning building interiors during and immediately after construction Paver, brick (e.g., driveway, patio, sidewalk), installation Crane rental with operator Paving, residential and commercial driveway and parking lot Sandblasting building exteriors Fence installation Scaffold erecting and dismantling Interlocking brick and block installation Steeplejack work Manufactured (mobile) home set up and tie-down work Driveway paving or sealing Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in--

The Sector as a Whole The Manufacturing sector comprises establishments engaged in the mechanical, physical, or chemical transformation of materials, substances, or components into new products. The assembling of component parts of manufactured products is considered manufacturing, except in cases where the activity is appropriately classified in Sector 23, Construction. Establishments in the Manufacturing sector are often described as plants, factories, or mills and characteristically use power-driven machines and material handling equipment. However, establishments that transform materials or substances into new products by hand or in the worker's home and those engaged in selling to the general public products made on the same premises from which they are sold, such as bakeries, candy stores, and custom tailors, may also be included in this sector. Manufacturing establishments may process materials or may contract with other establishments to process their materials for them. Both types of establishments are included in manufacturing. The materials, substances, or components transformed by manufacturing establishments are raw materials that are products of agriculture, forestry, fishing, mining, or quarrying as well as products of other manufacturing establishments. The materials used may be purchased directly from producers, obtained through customary trade channels, or secured without recourse to the market by transferring the product from one establishment to another, under the same ownership. The new product of a manufacturing establishment may be finished in the sense that it is ready for utilization or consumption, or it may be semi-finished to become an input for an establishment engaged in further manufacturing. For example, the product of the alumina refinery is the input used in the primary production of aluminum; primary aluminum is the input to an aluminum wire drawing plant; and aluminum wire is the input for a fabricated wire product manufacturing establishment. The subsectors in the Manufacturing sector generally reflect distinct production processes related to material inputs, production equipment, and employee skills. In the machinery area, where assembling is a key activity, parts and accessories for manufactured products are classified in the industry of the finished manufactured item when they are made for separate sale. For example, a replacement refrigerator door would be classified with refrigerators and an attachment for a piece of metalworking machinery would be classified with metalworking machinery. However, components, input from other manufacturing establishments, are classified based on the production function of the component manufacturer. For example, electronic components are classified in Subsector 334, Computer and Electronic Product Manufacturing, and stampings are classified in Subsector 332, Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing. Manufacturing establishments often perform one or more activities that are classified outside the Manufacturing sector of NAICS. For instance, almost all manufacturing has some captive research and development or administrative operations, such as accounting, payroll, or management. These captive services are treated the same as captive manufacturing activities. When the services are provided by separate establishments, they are classified in the NAICS sector where such services are primary, not in manufacturing. The boundaries of manufacturing and the other sectors of the classification system can be somewhat blurry. The establishments in the Manufacturing sector are engaged in the transformation of materials into new products. Their output is a new product. However, the definition of what constitutes a new product can be somewhat subjective. As clarification, the following activities are considered manufacturing in NAICS: <table width=100%><tr><td width=10%> </td><td><dl><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Milk bottling and pasteurizing;</dt><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Water bottling and processing;</dt><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Fresh fish packaging (oyster shucking,<br/> fish filleting);</dt><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Apparel jobbing (assigning materials<br/> to contract factories or shops for<br/> fabrication or other contract operations)<br/> as well as contracting on materials owned by others;</dt><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Printing and related activities;</dt><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Ready-mix concrete production;</dt><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Leather converting;</dt></dl></td><td width=10%> </td><td><dl><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Grinding lenses to prescription;</dt><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Wood preserving;</dt><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Electroplating, plating, metal heat<br/> treating, and polishing for the trade;</dt><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Lapidary work for the trade;</dt><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Fabricating signs and advertising displays;</dt><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Rebuilding or remanufacturing<br/> machinery (i.e., automotive parts);</dt><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Ship repair and renovation;</dt><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Machine shops; and</dt><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Tire retreading.</dt></dl></td><td width=10%> </td></tr></table> Conversely, there are activities that are sometimes considered manufacturing, but which for NAICS are classified in another sector (i.e., not classified as manufacturing). They include: 1. Logging, classified in Sector 11, Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting, is considered a harvesting operation; 2. Beneficiating ores and other minerals, classified in Sector 21, Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction, is considered part of the activity of mining; 3. Constructing structures and fabricating at the construction site by contractors are classified in Sector 23, Construction; 4. Breaking bulk and redistributing in smaller lots, including packaging, repackaging, or bottling products, such as liquors or chemicals; assembling computers on a custom basis; sorting scrap; mixing paints to customer order; and cutting metals to customer order, classified in Sector 42, Wholesale Trade, or Sector 44-45, Retail Trade, produce a modified version of the same product, not a new product; and 5. Publishing and the combined activity of publishing and printing, classified in Sector 51, Information, transform information into a product for which the value to the consumer lies in the information content, not in the format in which it is distributed (i.e., the book or software compact disc).

Industries in the Food Manufacturing subsector transform livestock and agricultural products into products for intermediate or final consumption. The industry groups are distinguished by the raw materials (generally of animal or vegetable origin) processed into food products. The food products manufactured in these establishments are typically sold to wholesalers or retailers for distribution to consumers, but establishments primarily engaged in retailing bakery and candy products made on the premises not for immediate consumption are included. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing beverages are classified in Subsector 312, Beverage and Tobacco Product Manufacturing.

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